The Artist Who Painted Prince Philip’s Final Portrait Revealed The Hidden Symbols In The Image

You could be forgiven for thinking that the colossal canvas — measuring a whopping 63 x 90 inches — is a photograph, so exquisite is its detail. It perfectly captures the ornate ceiling of Windsor’s Grand Corridor, where the Queen and Philip lived until his sad passing in April 2021. And now, talented artist Ralph Heimans has shed light on the symbolism concealed within his painting.

The majestic artwork — or “state portrait” as royal paintings are officially known — is a fitting tribute to the beloved duke and consort to the Queen. Known in life for his wry humor and sense of fun, Philip has an almost visible twinkle in his eye in Heimans’ portrait. Despite his formal attire, though, he looks almost casual, too, in a sideways stance with his hands loosely clasped behind his back.

As the artist’s revealed, though, the composition of the painting was cleverly crafted to have special meaning for the duke and his family. In fact, it’s a signature style of London-based artist Heimans, who’s built a relationship with the royals over the years. In that time he’s created impressive works of the Queen and Prince Charles, too. And they all contain hidden meanings.

The Coronation Theatre: Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, created for the monarch’s Diamond Jubilee in 2012, is another jaw-dropping example of Heimans’ artistry. In it, the monarch is pictured in the exact spot where she’d ascended to the throne six decades earlier. It’s also where all English kings and queens over the past nine centuries have been crowned. Wow!

Rather like her husband’s unusual pose in his portrait, Elizabeth stands sideways in the painting and at the center of the spectacular pavement. The stunning swirls that form the latter’s design led to Shakespeare dubbing it “the floor of heaven.” The Queen’s resplendent in her ruby-red coronation robe and diamond accessories, once worn by another great female monarch — Victoria.

Of course, a line-up of modern state paintings wouldn’t be complete without one of the heir apparent, Prince Charles. And Heimans was indeed commissioned with the task in 2018, to mark the Prince of Wales turning 70. It’s another fine piece and, much like his father’s portrait, Charles’ depicts him in a significant setting. He’s pictured in Dumfries House, one of the Prince’s Trust Charity’s estates.

The Duke of Cornwall’s known for his commitment to environmental issues and protecting Britain’s culture. Dumfries House is seen as a symbol of this, being an architectural heritage site that Charles strove to restore and involve the local community in. In the portrait, the prince is also standing next to a window through which an oak tree can be seen — symbolizing his love of nature.

State portraits have of course been crucial in giving us a glimpse into what some of history’s most notorious monarchs looked like. One of the earliest examples of these is a copy — the original perished in a fire — of the Whitehall Mural. This fascinating artwork by Hans Holbein the Younger — great name! — portrays the ruthless King Henry VIII.

The portrait also features Henry VIII’s third wife, Jane Seymour. The king’s consort followed the unfortunate Anne Boleyn and was the only one of Henry’s six wives to be honored with a state funeral after she tragically died following childbirth.

Historically, state paintings were usually created to celebrate the accession of a new king or queen. Symbols of power and leadership have traditionally featured, too. An 18th-century depiction of “mad” King George III, for example, shows him in his coronation clothes. Preceding George’s sad descent into madness, his crown and a mighty column in the background represent the regal strength and power that he then had.

British history buffs will know that when the Oliver Cromwell-created republic collapsed in 1660, the monarchy was reinstated and Charles II claimed the throne once more. After years of political turmoil, the monarch’s return was a welcome one. His state portrait was painted some years after his 1661 coronation, and it shows him in his royal regalia on the throne, looking the picture of self-assurance.

Now, we’re all familiar with what Elizabeth I supposedly looked like. That alabaster-painted face, red bouffant hair framed by a huge ruff atop an elaborate gown. The 16th-century British monarch cut an imposing figure, that’s for sure. And it’s thanks in part to portraits and prints such as this one — produced in 1603, not long before the queen died — by Crispijn de Passe, that we’ve learned to be familiar with her appearance.

To mark the year of Queen Elizabeth II’s coronation in 1953, Scottish artist Sir Herbert James Gunn was asked to create a state portrait. The artwork was completed in 1954 and shows her looking particularly regal in Buckingham Palace’s Throne Room.

In Gunn’s painting, the British monarch sports her purple Robe of Estate and white satin coronation dress. The former, which is draped over a monogrammed throne, bears embroidery so complex that it apparently took well over 3,000 hours to complete. Wowzers! As with artworks of the monarchs before her, Elizabeth’s portrait features the royal scepter and crown in the background to symbolize her state power.

Not all royal portraits have been universally admired, though. In fact, some of them have been positively hated by critics and the royals themselves. Others have simply divided opinion. The traditional state portraits, as we’ve seen, often feature monarchs and their families in rather stiff, formal poses. But that hasn’t always been the case.

Take, for example, the 2000 work Royal Family by John Wonnacott. Commissioned to commemorate the Queen Mother’s 100th birthday, Wonnacott’s painting captures the royal matriarch surrounded by her family in natural, informal poses. Prince Harry playfully leans on her chair, while even the Queen’s Corgis are cavorting at her feet!

Elizabeth apparently isn’t a fan of a 1996 painting from Anthony Williams. Depicting an informally dressed Queen sitting in a chair by a window, it isn’t too kind to the monarch. Williams has painted every line and wrinkle on her face and hands. And the latter present Elizabeth as having “fat sausage fingers,” according to some observers. Yikes.

There was less scoffing at a 1999 portrait of the monarch by Andrew Festing. The work, entitled Portrait of Elisabeth II for Chelsea Hospital, shows the Queen in formal attire — complete with tiara and regal clothes — gazing into the distance while two Chelsea Pensioners stand to attention in the background. The composition’s a little awkward, which is perhaps why it divided opinion.

Now, it’s generally recognized that any work by the artist Lucian Freud is going to be a little, ahem, unconventional. So it shouldn’t be any great surprise that his portrayal of the Queen in 2000 was less than flattering. Freud’s characteristically heavy lines prompted The Times critic Richard Morrison to suggest that it looked like the monarch had a “six-o’clock shadow.” Oh dear.

Heimans’ style perhaps falls somewhere between the formal and contemporary. His 2017 portrait of Prince Philip definitely shirks the stiffness of state portraits past. And there are no crowns or scepters representing his royal status. But there are certainly plenty of other significant details that reflect the duke’s life.

Now, what you might not know about the British monarch’s late husband is that he was born Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark. That’s right: the oh-so-British-sounding Duke of Edinburgh was of Greek and Danish descent. He was born in June 1921 in Corfu, Greece. Philip was the fifth child of Princess Alice of Battenberg and Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark. And Heimans had to reference this in his painting.

To make matters even more complicated, Philip’s mother, Princess Alice, was actually the great-granddaughter of Queen Victoria. The former was born at Windsor Castle near London, and she was raised and educated in England. Then, in 1902 she met Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark at King Edward VII’s coronation. The pair fell in love and wed a year later.

And so it was that the royal couple returned to Prince Andrew’s native Greece, where Philip and his four older sisters were born. But when Philip was just a year old, he and his family were exiled to France as a result of the Greco-Turkish conflict. Over the following years, the future Duke of Edinburgh flitted between schools in France, Germany, and Britain.

He completed his school education at Gordonstoun in Scotland, before embarking on a career in the Royal Navy. Working his way up the ranks, he was made a first lieutenant and eventually a naval commander. And it was when a 13-year-old Queen Elizabeth visited the Royal Naval College in Dartmouth with her father that she first encountered her future consort.

Reportedly, Elizabeth was smitten with the handsome Philip during that first meeting, and the pair started writing to each other. But it wasn’t until 1939, when the young Queen was 20 years old, that Philip of Mountbatten — a title derived from his mother’s family name — plucked up the courage to ask King George VI for permission to wed Elizabeth. And the rest, of course, is history.

Now that we know the backstory of the duke, the hidden meanings of the details in Heimans’ portrait begin to emerge. It’s worth noting here that the painting was commissioned to honor Philip stepping down from his public duties in 2017. Aged 96 at the time it was created, the Queen’s consort’s last portrait pays homage to his life and family.

On closer inspection, we can see that the Duke of Edinburgh is wearing a pale blue sash with his navy blue evening suit. It’s Denmark’s greatest honor, known as the Order of the Elephant sash, in recognition of his Danish royal ancestry. While this marks Philip’s paternal bloodline, his mother’s is also paid tribute to.

Visible to the right of the Duke in the portrait is a painting of Queen Victoria with members of her family. They include Philip’s mother, Princess Alice, and Alice’s mom, Princess Victoria. Both, coincidentally, were born at Windsor Castle in the Tapestry Room, which is located at one end of the Grand Corridor.

As Philip’s own life sadly was coming to an end at Windsor, there’s a cyclical resonance to the portrait’s setting. Heimans pointed this out during an interview with Dermot Murnaghan on the Sky News Daily podcast, noting that the Duke of Edinburgh’s entire life was echoed in Windsor Castle’s Grand Corridor.

Heimans went on to speak of the experience of working with the duke, recalling that “sitting was, in fact, a lot of fun.” The artist continued, “As you can imagine, he’s full of humor, but underlying that there’s a sense of seriousness about the portrait.” The prince consort was a keen painter himself, Heimans revealed.

So did Philip enjoy sitting for his final portrait? “I think he was very engaged throughout the process,” Heimans said. “[He] enjoyed it very much and was very chatty afterwards, and so it was a really enjoyable experience as well as a very extraordinary privilege.”

When the duke stepped down from public duties in 2017, he’d undertaken more than 22,000 solo appearances. Wow. Which goes to show how busy the royals actually are. Philip was the longest-serving British consort and, in the same year that he retired from formal duties, he marked his platinum wedding anniversary with the Queen.

At the considerably advanced age of 96, the duke — not surprisingly — began to experience health problems. In April 2018 he went into hospital to undergo hip-replacement procedures. But less than two months afterwards, the determined consort joined the Queen at the wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle. And he even walked without support.

Almost a year later, though, a 97-year-old Philip narrowly escaped serious injury when his vehicle crashed into another car near a royal estate in Norfolk, England. He admitted responsibility and apologized for the incident, giving up his driver’s license shortly afterwards as a result. It was another indication of the duke’s deteriorating faculties.

Towards the end of 2019, Philip was hospitalized once again due to what palace spokespeople referred to as a “pre-existing condition.” He was discharged just in time for Christmas but was forced to spend most of the following year shielding with the Queen at Buckingham Palace, as the Covid-19 pandemic took hold.

After battling an infection in early 2021, Philip was back in hospital for what were revealed to be cardiac issues. He had an operation, which went well, so the duke came home in March to convalesce. Sadly, he passed away on 9 April at Windsor, just a couple of months shy of his 100th birthday. The world then tuned in to watch his televised state funeral.

We have to wonder, though: will portraits such as Heimans’ become a thing of the past? Perhaps it’ll be a royal trend that dies with the senior members of today’s royal family. After all, it’s well known that the future queen consort, Kate Middleton, loves photography. And the Queen seems to like the medium, too. In video speeches, she’s often seen surrounded by photographs of her family. One that was placed behind the monarch in a recent appearance was particularly poignant.

The Queen’s video had been prerecorded for the COP26 conference in the United Kingdom. The original plan had been for the monarch to be at the event in person, as many other members of the royal family ended up doing. But unfortunately a medical issue got in the way.

A week before the summit was due to take place, Buckingham Palace made an announcement that the Queen had been “following advice to rest” and that as a result of a hospital stay she was remaining at home as a “sensible precaution.” The Palace didn’t provide any further information about what she’d been suffering from, though.

The Palace also made it clear that the Queen was regretful about not being able to attend and hoped that the conference would go well. She was clearly passionate about the cause of environmental protection because she not only took time to record the video, but she also made a much more personal speech than usual.

And even beforehand, the Queen had been overheard talking about climate change and her annoyance at other world leaders for not acting on the problem. She would probably have never said this if she’d known she was being recorded, but she admitted, “It’s really irritating when they talk, but they don’t do.”

The Queen mentioned this in the COP26 speech, too, but in a much more diplomatic way. She said, “For more than 70 years, I have been lucky to meet and to know many of the world’s great leaders. And I have perhaps come to understand a little about what made them special. It has sometimes been observed that what leaders do for their people today is government and politics. But what they do for the people of tomorrow — that is statesmanship.”

And the monarch continued, telling to the attendees, “It is the hope of many that the legacy of this summit — written in history books yet to be printed — will describe you as the leaders who did not pass up the opportunity and that you answered the call of those future generations.”

She ended the speech with the touching words, “Of course, the benefits of such actions will not be there to enjoy for all of us here today: none of us will live forever. But we are doing this not for ourselves but for our children and our children’s children, and those who will follow in their footsteps.”

Charles, Camilla, Kate, and William also put work into the all-important summit. Many people noticed that Camilla was wearing green when she arrived, obviously a nod to the themes of the conference and also the same color the Queen wore in her video. She was carrying a handbag very similar to the Queen’s favorite Launer ones as well. Was she trying to emulate the monarch, knowing that she was, in a way, the stand-in for her?

Prince Charles spoke during the ceremony to mark the beginning of COP26, and he didn’t pull any punches. The heir to the throne, who’s advocated for the environment for many decades now, told the audience that “we have to put ourselves on what might be called a war-like footing” to save the planet.

“Your Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, many of your countries I know are already feeling the devastating impact of climate change, through ever-increasing droughts, mudslides, floods, hurricanes, cyclones, and wildfires,” Charles informed his fellow delegates. “Any leader who has had to confront such life-threatening challenges knows that the cost of inaction is far greater than the cost of prevention.”

Charles concluded, “So, I can only urge you, as the world’s decision-makers, to find practical ways of overcoming differences so we can all get down to work, together, to rescue this precious planet and save the threatened future of our young people.” And later, William was making statements along the same lines.

Prince William stood on stage with one of the competitors in the Earthshot Prize, a clean technology enterprise that he supports. He and the youngest entrant, 15-year-old Vinisha Umashankar who’s created a solar-powered ironing device, gave a speech at the Accelerating Clean Technology Innovation & Deployment segment of the conference.

The prince told the gathered audience, “We are still at the start of our journey together. I am honored and proud to be working alongside you all to achieve this goal.” But there were plenty of people who didn’t think William was really doing that at all — that none of the royal family were.

There have been mixed views as to whether the royal family are doing enough for the environment, considering that they speak so much about the importance of everybody playing their part. Just before COP26, an anti-monarchy group called Republic even put up a series of huge posters accusing William and Charles of double standards because of their private jet use.

The CEO of Republic, Graham Smith, said to Newsweek magazine in October 2021, “The royals have jumped on this environment bandwagon. They need to be called out on it… The biggest thing is that they are incredibly hypocritical. They routinely at taxpayers’ expense fly by helicopter and private jet, and they maintain at least two dozen large homes which are heated and staffed all year round even if they only go there a few times a year.”

But other people think that the royals are doing plenty to combat climate change. It’s been widely reported that Charles has installed solar panels at his homes and adapted his car to be fuelled by, of all things, wine. And apparently, to get to COP26 he used a military plane that ran on sustainable fuel, while William and Kate reportedly also tried to travel in an eco-friendly way and took a train.

Some people think that the royal family should “rewild” the extensive gardens they own and turn them into plant and animal habitats. British TV wildlife expert Chris Packham told BBC Radio 4’s World at One in October 2021, “Prince Charles has been speaking out on behalf of the environment all my lifetime, and I’ve grown up welcoming that. I think however at this point we need more grand and meaningful action.”

“The royal family are global celebrities, they have a great reach and a great influence,” Packham added. “I think that at this point, while they’ve been talking the talk for some time, and we’ve listened keenly to that and welcomed it, at this point we need a real demonstration of some action.”

Bearing that in mind, it’s interesting to note one of the other things the Queen mentioned in her COP26 speech. She specifically talked about her late husband, Prince Philip, who passed away in the spring of 2021, aged 99, and the work that he’d done to combat climate change.

The Queen said that speaking at COP26 was “a duty I am especially happy to discharge, as the impact of the environment on human progress was a subject close to the heart of my dear late husband, Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh.” She even used a snippet of a speech Prince Philip had once given about climate pollution.

Back in 1969, the Queen related, Philip had told a group of academics, “If the world pollution situation is not critical at the moment, it is as certain as anything can be that the situation will become increasingly intolerable within a very short time… If we fail to cope with this challenge, all the other problems will pale into insignificance.”

The monarch compared Philip to her son and grandson who were at COP26, saying, “It is a source of great pride to me that the leading role my husband played in encouraging people to protect our fragile planet lives on through the work of our eldest son, Charles, and his eldest son, William. I could not be more proud of them.”

And the speech wasn’t the only thing the Queen used to pay tribute to her late husband. Eagle-eyed viewers noticed some details in the setup of the video. First, the Queen was seated near a big photo of Prince Philip. The image showed him in the exact sort of place the COP26 attendees were fighting to preserve — a monarch butterfly habitat in Mexico.

And what the Queen was wearing was even more important, if you knew what you were looking for. She was wearing green, the obvious choice for an appearance at an environment convention. But of even more interest was her brooch. It was in the shape of a butterfly, matching the photo of Philip — and it was also a gift related to Philip himself.

The brooch, made from diamonds and rubies, was given to the Queen on the occasion of her marriage to Prince Philip. It was a gift from the Countess of Onslow, a pal of hers, so it’s often called the Onslow Butterfly Brooch. And it was a clear tribute from the Queen to her beloved husband.

This isn’t the first time the Queen has signified her feelings via her choice of brooch, either. For example, one of the pieces she’s sometimes seen wearing is a creation called the True Lover’s Knot Brooch, which belonged to her grandma Queen Mary. The Queen wore it to both Prince William’s wedding and Princess Margaret’s wedding, and the meaning there was obvious.

The Queen’s brooches have also been used for diplomatic reasons. When visiting a country, she likes to wear a brooch associated with it. Take the Maple Leaf Brooch — it was presented to the Queen by her father on a trip to Canada, and she’s worn it on occasions connected to that nation ever since.

The speech at COP26 wasn’t the only touching address the Queen gave that year about her husband and her crushing loss. Her traditional Christmas Day speech in December 2021 was all about Prince Philip, and once again, she mentioned his love for the environment. And the Queen wore a significant brooch for that occasion, too.

Queen Elizabeth began her Christmas Day speech with a personal statement. With a photo of herself and Philip propped up next to her she said, “Although it’s a time of great happiness and good cheer for many, Christmas can be hard for those who have lost loved ones. This year, especially, I understand why.”

The Queen continued, “But for me, in the months since the death of my beloved Philip, I have drawn great comfort from the warmth and affection of the many tributes to his life and work — from around the country, the Commonwealth, and the world. His sense of service, intellectual curiosity, and capacity to squeeze fun out of any situation — were all irrepressible.”

“He was also an early champion of taking seriously our stewardship of the environment,” the Queen added. “And I am proud beyond words that his pioneering work has been taken on and magnified by our eldest son, Charles, and his eldest son, William — admirably supported by Camilla and Catherine — most recently at the COP climate change summit in Glasgow.”

As for the brooch the Queen wore for the Christmas Day speech, the significance of it was explained to the Daily Express newspaper by royal expert Ingrid Seward, Majesty magazine’s editor-in-chief. She stated that the monarch had her brooch on what appeared to be the “wrong” side — in honor of Philip.

“When someone has died and you have connections to the military, they change the side the medals are worn,” Seward told the newspaper. “So she changed the side of her brooch, which was also another very moving tribute [to Philip].” And then there was the history of the brooch itself.

The sapphire brooch wasn’t actually a gift from Philip — she was given it before she married him, upon launching a ship called The British Princess — but it’s still closely associated with him. That’s because Queen Elizabeth wore it on their honeymoon, and also on both their 2007 and 2017 wedding anniversaries.

Queen Elizabeth ended her Christmas speech on a hopeful note. She said, “And for me and my family, even with one familiar laugh missing this year, there will be joy in Christmas, as we have the chance to reminisce, and see anew the wonder of the festive season through the eyes of our young children, of whom we were delighted to welcome four more this year.”